Ngo-Agasti 24, iJapan yavula ukuchithwa kwamanzi angcolile angcoliswe ingozi yenuzi yaseFukushima olwandle iPacific.Njengamanje, ngokusekelwe kudatha yomphakathi ye-TEPCO ngoJuni 2023, indle elungiselelwe ukuchithwa ikakhulukazi iqukethe: umsebenzi we-H-3 cishe u-1.4 x10⁵Bq / L;umsebenzi we-C-14 ngu-14 Bq / L;I-I-129 ingu-2 Bq / L;umsebenzi we-Co-60, Sr-90, Y-90, Tc-99, Sb-125, Te-125m kanye ne-Cs-137 ingu-0.1-1 Bq / L. Kulokhu, asigxili kuphela ku-tritium amanzi alahlwayo enuzi, kodwa nasezingcupheni ezingaba khona zamanye ama-radionuclide.I-TepCO idalule kuphela isamba sedatha engu-α kanye nengqikithi ye-β ekhipha imisebe emanzini angcolile, futhi ayizange idalule idatha yokuhlushwa yama-nuclides e-ultra-uranium anobuthi ngokwedlulele njenge-Np-237, Pu-239, Pu-240, Am-240, Am- 241, Am-243 kanye ne-Cm-242, okuphinde kube ngenye yezingozi ezibalulekile zokuphepha ngokuchithelwa kwamanzi angcolile enuzi olwandle.
Ukungcoliswa kwemisebe yemvelo kuwukungcola okucashile, uma sekukhiqiziwe kuzoba nomthelela omubi kubahlali abazungezile.Ukwengeza, uma imidiya yebhayoloji noma yokudlulisela ezungeze umthombo we-radioactive ingcoliswe yi-radionuclide, ingadluliselwa kusuka ezingeni eliphansi iye ezingeni eliphezulu ngochungechunge lokudla futhi inothiswe ngokuqhubekayo enqubweni yokudlulisela.Uma lezi zinto ezingcolisa imisebe zingena emzimbeni womuntu ngokudla, zinganqwabelana emzimbeni womuntu, okungase kube nomthelela empilweni yomuntu.
Ukuze kuncishiswe noma kugwenywe ukulimala kokuchayeka emisebeni emphakathini futhi kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi ngezinga eliphezulu, "Izilinganiso Zokuphepha Eziyisisekelo Zamazwe Ngamazwe Zokuvikela Ukuvikelwa Kwemisebe Nokuphepha Komthombo Wokuphepha Kwemisebe" ibeka ukuthi iziphathimandla ezinekhono zenze izinga lereferensi lama-radionuclides ekudleni. .
E-China, kuye kwenziwa izindinganiso ezifanele ukuze kutholwe ama-radionuclid amaningana avamile.Amazinga okutholwa kwezinto ezikhipha imisebe ekudleni afaka i-GB 14883.1~10- -2016 "Izinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla: Ukunqunywa kwezinto ezikhipha imisebe ekudleni" kanye ne-GB 8538- -
2022 "Izinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla Ukuphuza Amanzi Amaminerali Emvelo", GB / T 5750.13- -2006 "I-Radioactive Index Yezindlela Zokuhlola Ezijwayelekile Zamanzi Okuphuza", SN / T 4889- -2017 "Ukunqunywa kwe-γ Radionuclide ekuthekeliseni Ukudla Okunosawoti Ophakeme ", WS / T 234- -2002 "Ukulinganiswa Kwezinto Ezikhipha Umsakazo Ekudleni-241", njll.
Izindlela zokuthola i-radionuclide nemishini yokukala ekudleni okujwayelekile kumazinga zimi kanje:
| Hlaziya iphrojekthi | imishini yokuhlaziya | Eminye imishini ekhethekile | ejwayelekile |
| α, β umsebenzi ophelele | Ingemuva eliphansi α, β counter | I-GB / T5750.13- -2006 Inkomba yeRadioactive yezindlela Zokuhlola Ezijwayelekile Zamanzi Asekhaya Namanzi Okuphuza | |
| i-tritium | Ikhawunta ye-liquid scintillation engemuva eliphansi | Idivayisi yokulungiselela isampula ye-Organotritium-carbon; Idivaysi yokuqoqa i-Triitium emanzini; | I-GB14883.2-2016 Ukunqunywa kwe-Radioactive Material Hydrogen-3 ekudleni, Izinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla |
| I-Strontium-89 ne-strontium-90 | Ingemuva eliphansi α, β counter | I-GB14883.3-2016 Ukunqunywa kwe-Strr-89 ne-Strr-90 Kuzinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla | |
| I-Adventitia-147 | Ingemuva eliphansi α, β counter | I-GB14883.4-2016 Ukunqunywa Kwezinto Ezikhipha Imisebe Ekudleni-147, Izinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla | |
| I-Polonium-210 | i-spectrometer | Izinsalela zikagesi | I-GB 14883.5-2016 Ukunqunywa kwe-Polonium-210 Kuzinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla |
| I-Rum-226 ne-radium-228 | I-Radon Thorium Analyzer | I-GB 14883.6-2016 Amazinga Kazwelonke Okuphepha Kokudla | |
| I-thorium yemvelo ne-uranium | I-Spectrophotometer, i-trace uranium analyzer | I-GB 14883.7-2016 Ukunqunywa kwe-Natural Thorium kanye ne-Uranium njengezisetshenziswa ezikhipha imisebe Kuzinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla | |
| I-Plutonium-239, i-plutonium-24 | i-spectrometer | Izinsalela zikagesi | I-GB 14883.8-2016 Ukunqunywa kwe-plutonium-239 kanye nezinto ezikhipha imisebe ye-plutonium-240 Kuzinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla |
| Iodine-131 | Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kwe-germanium γ spectrometer | I-GB 14883.9-2016 Ukunqunywa kwe-Iodine-131 ekudleni, Izinga Likazwelonke Lokuphepha Kokudla |
isincomo somkhiqizo
imishini yokulinganisa
Ikhawunta ye-αβ enengemuva eliphansi
Igama Brand: umshini we-kernel
Inombolo yemodeli: RJ 41-4F
Iphrofayili yomkhiqizo:
Ingemuva eliphansi lohlobo lokugeleza α, ithuluzi lokulinganisa u-β lisetshenziselwa kakhulu amasampula emvelo, ukuvikelwa kwemisebe, imithi kanye nempilo, isayensi yezolimo, ukuhlolwa kokungeniswa nokuthekelisa kwempahla, ukuhlola kwendawo, isizinda samandla enuzi neminye imikhakha emanzini, amasampula ebhayoloji, i-aerosol, ukudla. , umuthi, inhlabathi, idwala nezinye imidiya esilinganisweni esiphelele sika-α esiphelele sika-β.
Isivikelo somthofu owugqinsi egumbini lokulinganisa siqinisekisa ingemuva eliphansi kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa okuphezulu kwamasampula omsebenzi okhipha imisebe ephansi, kanye namashaneli angu-2,4,6,8,10 angenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo.
I-High-purity germanium γ i-spectrometer yamandla
Igama Brand: umshini we-kernel
Inombolo yemodeli: RJ 46
Iphrofayili yomkhiqizo:
I-RJ 46 digital high purity germanium low background spectrometer ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi i-spectrometer entsha yangemuva ephansi ye-germanium ehlanzekile.I-spectrometer isebenzisa imodi yokufunda yomcimbi wezinhlayiyana ukuze ithole amandla (i-amplitude) nolwazi lwesikhathi lwesiginali yokuphumayo yomtshina we-HPGe futhi uyigcine.
i-spectrometer
Igama Brand: umshini we-kernel
Inombolo yemodeli: RJ 49
Iphrofayili yomkhiqizo:
Ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa i-Alpha energy spectroscopy kanye nezinsimbi sekusetshenziswe kabanzi ekuhlolweni kwemvelo nempilo (njengokulinganisa i-thorium aerosol, ukuhlolwa kokudla, impilo yabantu, njll.), ukuhlola izinsiza (itshe le-uranium, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo, njll.) kanye nesakhiwo sokwakheka komhlaba. ukuhlola (okufana nemithombo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukuncishiswa komhlaba) kanye neminye imikhakha.
I-Alpha spectrometer yesiteshi se-RJ 494 iyithuluzi le-PIPS semiconductor elakhiwe ngokuzimela yi-Shanghai Renji Instrument Co., Ltd. I-spectrometer ineziteshi ezine ezingu-α, ngayinye engalinganiswa ngesikhathi esisodwa, enganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zesikhathi sokuhlolwa futhi ithole ngokushesha. imiphumela yokuhlola.
Ikhawunta ye-liquid scintillation engemuva eliphansi
Igama Brand:HIDEX
Inombolo yemodeli: 300SL-L
Iphrofayili yomkhiqizo:
I-Liquid scintillation counter iwuhlobo lwamathuluzi azwela kakhulu ikakhulukazi asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa okunembile kwe-α ne-β nuclide ekhipha imisebe emithonjeni yoketshezi, njenge-radioactive tritium, carbon-14, iodine-129, strontium-90, ruthenium-106 namanye ama-nuclide.
I-radium analyzer yamanzi
Igama Brand: PYLON
Imodeli: AB7
Iphrofayili yomkhiqizo:
I-Pylon AB7 Portable Radiological Monitor isizukulwane esilandelayo samathuluzi eleveli yaselabhorethri ahlinzeka ngesilinganiso esisheshayo nesinembile sokuqukethwe kwe-radon.
Eminye imishini ekhethekile
Idivayisi yokuqoqa i-Triitium emanzini
Igama Brand: Yi Xing
Inombolo yemodeli: ECTW-1
Iphrofayili yomkhiqizo:
Ukugcwala kwe-tritium emanzini olwandle kuphansi kakhulu, ngisho nemishini yokuhlonza engcono kakhulu ayikwazi ukukalwa, ngakho-ke, amasampula anesizinda esiphansi adinga ukwelashwa kusengaphambili, okungukuthi, indlela yokugxilisa i-electrolysis.Iqoqo le-ECTW-1 tritium electrolytic elikhiqizwe inkampani yethu lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukugxilisa i-electrolytic ye-tritium emanzini asezingeni eliphansi, elingagxilisa amasampula e-tritium ngaphansi komkhawulo wokutholwa kwekhawunta ye-flash ewuketshezi ize ilinganiswe ngokunembile.
Idivayisi yokulungiselela isampula ye-Organotritium-carbon
Igama Brand: Yi Xing
Inombolo yemodeli: OTCS11 / 3
Iphrofayili yomkhiqizo:
I-OTCS11 / 3 I-Organic tritium carbon sampling device isebenzisa umgomo wamasampula ezinto eziphilayo ngaphansi kokushiswa kwe-oxidation okushisa okuphezulu endaweni yokushisa ephezulu ye-aerobic ukukhiqiza amanzi ne-carbon dioxide, ukubona ukukhiqizwa kwe-tritium ne-carbon-14 kumasampuli e-biological, elungele ukwelashwa okulandelayo, i-liquid scintillation counter ukukala umsebenzi we-tritium ne-carbon-14.
Izinsalela zikagesi
Igama Brand: Yi Xing
Inombolo yemodeli: RWD-02
Iphrofayili yomkhiqizo:
I-RWD-02 iyi-spectrometer eyi-α eyakhiwe yi-Shanghai Yixing Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yesipiliyoni sesampula sokwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Idizayinelwe ukulungiswa kwamasampula okuhlaziya i-spectrum yamandla angu-α, futhi ifanele imithi yenuzi kanye nocwaningo lwe-radioisotope kanye nenkundla yokusetshenziswa.
I-spectrometer ye-α ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile elabhorethri yokuhlaziya imisebe futhi ingahlaziya ama-nuclide ngokubola kuka-α.Uma kubalulekile ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlaziya enembile, isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukwenza amasampula.I-RWD-02 electrodeposition er ilula ukuyisebenzisa, eyenza ibe lula kakhulu inqubo yokwenza isampula, ukwenza amasampula amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokulungiselela isampula.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-31-2023